Total knee replacement, also known as total knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure that involves replacing the entire knee joint, including the thigh bone, shin bone, and kneecap. This procedure is typically recommended for patients who have severe pain and arthritis in all three compartments of the knee joint.
The knee joint is made up of three compartments: the medial compartment, which is the inner part of the knee, the lateral compartment, which is the outer part of the knee, and the patellofemoral compartment, which is the kneecap and the front of the thigh bone. Osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease, is the most common reason for total knee replacement. Other reasons include rheumatoid arthritis, post-traumatic arthritis, and avascular necrosis.
The surgery is typically performed under spinal anaesthesia and can take between 45 minutes to one hour. The Knee Replacement Surgeon removes the damaged cartilage and bone, and replaces it with metal and plastic components that mimic the movement of a natural knee.
After the surgery, physical therapy and rehabilitation are essential for a successful outcome. The recovery time can vary depending on the individual, but most patients can expect to be able to walk with assistance on the same day of the surgery. The recovery process can take several weeks to several months, depending on the individual’s health and the severity of the arthritis.
In conclusion, total knee replacement is a surgical procedure that involves replacing the entire knee joint, including the thigh bone, shin bone, and kneecap. This procedure is typically recommended for patients who have severe pain and arthritis in all three compartments of the knee joint. With proper care and rehabilitation, most patients can expect to experience significant pain relief and an improvement in the ability to perform daily activities.